Impact of Lean Management Practices on Patients

Patient safety is considered as fundamental aspect in health and social care sector. Therefore, now it has become very important for professionals that to be more vigilant in respect to provide clinical care to users. Policy makers, clinicians identify potential risk that can arise and accordingly they deliver services to them. Practitioners are responsible to provide quality care to patients (Boamah, Read and Spence Laschinger, 2017). It involves correct diagnosis and therapeutic acts that support in improving health of the persons. World health organization (WHO) has declared that safety of patients is a global priority of health care sector. Concern authorities are continuously working for minimizing clinical errors and increasing professional competences so that diligent can get quality care in hospitals.

In the recent time medical professionals are taking support of advance technologies and enhancing patients engagement. This aids in identifying medical needs of the person and providing them care accordingly. Increasing communication with the users is the first priority of clinical department (The role of hospital managers in quality and patient safety: a systematic review, 2014). WHO has made it essential to coordinate with the patients properly. It is influential regulation that is essential to be followed by each nursing staff. Practitioners interact with the users well so that they can share their issues with the doctors properly. This helps care providers in providing quality care services to the patients. It improves safety culture in the health and social care organization as well. Now staff members are providing necessary education through promotional campaigns to the users so that they can take care of themselves. These people take care of safety measures in paediatric and surgical setting.  

Lean management theory is considered as one of the effective approach that concentrate on making continuous improvement in management practices. It is essential method that helps in making positive changes in the workplace so that employees can understand their responsibility and perform well in organization. Health and social care sector is the industry in which patients always prefer to deliver quality care to patients but for that it is very essential for medical professionals that to understand requirement of patients and accordingly makes changes in the system so that people can get quality care in hospitals (Zaheer and et.al, 2015).

Lean management practices involve engagement of medical professional, customer communication, empowering users so that actual rout cause of problem can be identified and improvement can be made accordingly. In the recent time authorities are trying to improve culture and reducing wastage and waiting time so that patients can get high quality services in hospitals. These lean practices ensure individual gets quality services at lower rate. Nurses, physicians play significant role in patients safety. They diagnosis individual properly in order to address systematic nature of problem (Quality of care and patient safety:a global priority, 2017). WHO has made several standards in this respect that helps the medical professional in identifying necessary steps that need to be followed by them in order to provide quality care services to the patients in hospitals. Care managers are the persons those who are responsible for activities of care home. They ensure all nurses and junior doctors perform their duties well and take care of patients effectively. Statistical records show that from 2004-2005 hospitals have concentrated on development management practices in the care homes. They have emphasised on outcome based initiatives through which patients can get quality care ion the hospitals (Boamah, Read and Spence Laschinger, 2017).

NHS managers always implements lean management approach in workplace. They ensure staff members create value for the consumers and deal with them properly. In this management practices high authorities identify issue in the system and they make modification so that issue can be resolved soon. In the recent time due to high workload medical professionals are unable to handle such large number of people in hospitals. In such condition they get failed to provide them treatment as per their medical needs. This increase chances of occurring errors which affect quality of services in NHS. Care managers are responsible to ensure changing requirements in the organization and they have to make modifications in the system in systematic manner so that they can ensure patient's safety and can improve their health conditions to great extent (Carayon and et.al, 2014).

The main of this research is to identify impact of lean management practices on patients' outcome, professional practices and health care system. It will explain various lean management practices and their effectiveness in hospitals for patients safety and improving professional practices. It will emphasis on interrelationship between lean management practices or interventions and professional practices.

Aim and Objectives

Aim

“To identify the impact of lean management practices on patients' outcome, professional practices and health care system”.

Objectives

• To explain lean management practices in health and social care sector.
• To explain frequently reported types of lean activities and approaches.
• To identify interrelationship between lean management practices or interventions and  professional practices.
• To determine effectiveness of lean management practices in order to improve patients safety in health and social care sector.
• To suggest ways through which lean management approaches ensure patient safety and can improve professional practices in health and social care sector.
• What are the lean management practices applied in health and social care sector?
• Explain frequently reported types of lean activities and approaches?
• What are the interrelationship between lean management practices or interventions and  professional practices?
• How effective are lean management practices in order to improve patients safety in health and social care sector?

Research Questions

• What are the lean management practices applied in health and social care sector?
• Explain frequently reported types of lean activities and approaches?
• What are the interrelationship between lean management practices or interventions and  professional practices?
• How effective are lean management practices in order to improve patients safety in health and social care sector?

Rationale of the study

Lean practices have been applied by many other countries and they have become able to improve their patients safety and professional practices. Thus, by conducting this study individual will be able to make the concern department aware with effectiveness of lean management practices in hospitals. The main reason of carrying out this research is there are limited studies have been conducted in past on management work in health and social care sector (HSC) with reference to patient safety. Thus, actually medical professionals are unaware with working activities and their power. Due to financial issues NHS is unable to make changes in the care system for improving safety of patients (The role of hospital managers in quality and patient safety: a systematic review, 2014). Thus, it is an interesting area of research and scholar will be able to gather in-depth detail about the topic which may improve their experience as well. This topic has been provided by university thus, researcher has chosen this topic for further investigation. Scholar has framed objectives on the bases of research aim and will gather information on the topic. Few researchers are aware with impact of lean management practices on patients' outcome, professional practices and health care system.

Research specification

Research methodology plays significant role in dissertation, it al helps researcher in finding suitable way to conduct investigation in accurate manner. In order to conduct present study on impact of lean management practices on patients' outcome, professional practices and health care system scholar will apply secondary data collection sources (Quality of care and patient safety:a global priority, 2017). Individual will gather information regarding lean management practices, patients safety from books, journals, internet articles etc. these sources will help the investigator in developing in-depth understanding about topic. Furthermore, scholar will conduct systematic review which will assist in critically evaluate the topic and data.

There are two main types of approaches qualitative and qualitative. Both these are helpful in preparing thesis in appropriate manner. In the current investigation, researcher will choose both these approaches. This will support in finding impact of lean management practices on patients' outcome, professional practices and health care system. Furthermore, researcher will take support of meta-synthesis tool that will aid in seeking data from various but inter-related qualitative studies.

Structure of the study

• Chapter 1: Introduction: First chapter will be of brief introduction of the topic. In this researcher will give brief overview of lean management practices, quality care, patient safety, professional practices. It will give rationale and significance of the study in introduction part. Furthermore, aim and objectives will be framed in this chapter.
• Chapter 2: Literature review: This chapter will review earlier literatures of the topic. This will help in enhancing knowledge of researcher about topic. In literature review session scholar will give view points of various researchers on impact of lean management practices on patients' outcome, professional practices and health care system
• Chapter 3: Methods of analysis: It will describe various methods that will be used by researcher in order to conduct this research. Rationale for each selected method will be given by scholar. Results will be analysed by selecting appropriate method (Rathert and et.al, 2015).
• Chapter 4: Discussion: This chapter will discuss the topic on the bases of literature review and analysis results. This will help in finding accurate answers about  impact of lean management practices on patients' outcome, professional practices and health care system
• Chapter 5: Conclusion and recommendations: This will be last section in which researcher will conclude entire study and will present results. This will answer the research questions that have been obtained by this investigation. At last researcher will give necessary recommendations regarding the same (Boamah, Read and Spence Laschinger, 2017).

CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW

 2500

 Lean management practices and frequently reported types of lean activities and approaches

Interrelationship between lean management practices or interventions and  professional practices 

Effectiveness of lean management practices in order to improve patients safety in health and social care sector

Different managerial activities

As per the view of Zaheer and et.al, (2015) managers are responsible to ensure the smooth functioning of workplace and minimize risk as well. Health and social sector is the service industry that continuously work for improving heath of the patients. Managers have to identify medical needs of these people and have to deliver them quality treatment so that they can get recovered soon. Managers have to communicate with patients well. Managers in hospitals have to enhance communication in the organization (The role of hospital managers in quality and patient safety: a systematic review, 2014). This communication helps in minimizing confusion and providing quality care treatment to the users. Effective communication plays significant role in the HSC, this assist in developing understanding among medical professional regarding their role and responsibility. By this way they can be able to provide timely care to patients. This helps in minimizing clinical errors in system. Many times due to improper knowledge about needs of the people doctors get failed to provide them correct knowledge. Mangers have to ensure that all nurses and other medical staff members communicate well with patients and provide them treatment as per their medical needs.

Carayon and et.al, (2014) argued that performance monitoring is essential management activity that implements by managers in NHS. It is responsibility of care managers in the organization that to monitor performance of other nursing staff members and ensure whether they are performing well or not. They have to identify their training needs and have to provide them training accordingly (Quality of care and patient safety:a global priority, 2017). This aids managers in improving performance of care providers to great extent. Each industry has some standards and it is very important for the employees to work according to these standards. It is essential management practice that to monitor progress of each team members so that overall target to improve patient safety can be accomplished.

As per the view of Carayon and et.al, (2015) strategic planning is essential management practice in health and social care sector. Care managers have to make effective planning so that they can provide immediate services to users and can minimize errors. As NHS is continuously working for improving technologies in the hospitals. For that higher authorities make plan regarding budget and implementing these technologies in workplace. This strategic planning aids in achieving strategic goal of hospitals (The role of hospital managers in quality and patient safety: a systematic review, 2014).  Currie and et.al, (2014) stated that providing necessary training is essential management practice, each manager in hospital is responsible to identify lacking points in their employees and arrange training programs for them accordingly. This training helps in raising skills of the staff members by this way they can provide quality care to patients without making any error. Management trains people and ensure theta they can fulfil their responsibility towards patients effectively. According to Sujan, Spurgeon and Cooke, (2015) ensuring patient safety is very important management activities in hospital. Managers have to cross check each practice and have to monitor performance of all employees. This helps in providing quality care services to users and minimizing clinical errors in hospitals.

Theory of lean management (500)

Impact of managers role on patients safety

Contextual factors that impact role of managers that influence patient safety and quality of care.

Impact of government policies and socio economic changes

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REFERENCES

• Boamah, S. A., Read, E. A. and Spence Laschinger, H. K., 2017. Factors influencing new graduate nurse burnout development, job satisfaction and patient care quality: a timelagged study. Journal of advanced nursing. 73(5). pp.1182-1195.
• Carayon, P. and et.al., 2014. Human factors systems approach to healthcare quality and patient safety. Applied ergonomics. 45(1). pp.14-25.
• Carayon, P. and et.al., 2015. Perceived impact of care managers’ work on patient and clinician outcomes. European journal for person centered healthcare. 3(2). pp.158.
• Currie, G. and et.al., 2014. A qualitative study of the knowledge-brokering role of middle-level managers in service innovation: managing the translation gap in patient safety for older persons’ care. Health Services and Delivery Research. 2(32). pp.1-118.
• Rathert, C. and et.al., 2015. Patient perceptions of patientcentred care: empirical test of a theoretical model. Health Expectations. 18(2). pp.199-209.
• Sujan, M., Spurgeon, P. and Cooke, M., 2015. The role of dynamic trade-offs in creating safety—A qualitative study of handover across care boundaries in emergency care. Reliability Engineering & System Safety. 141. pp.54-62.
• Zaheer, S. and et.al., 2015. Patient safety climate (PSC) perceptions of frontline staff in acute care hospitals: Examining the role of ease of reporting, unit norms of openness, and participative leadership. Health care management review. 40(1). pp.13-23.

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